The Kashmir Pulse

The digital payments market has witnessed phenomenal growth in recent years. However, this rapid shift towards cashless transactions has also brought cybersecurity concerns to the forefront, particularly regarding point of sale (PoS) terminals.

According to a report by the PCI Security Standards Council, nearly half (48%) of data breaches in India during 2022 targeted PoS terminals. This statistic highlights the imperative need for strong security measures to protect sensitive customer data and ensure the continued success of the digital payments ecosystem.

PoS terminals are vulnerable to various security breaches despite modern encryption and firewall technology associated with online transactions. Attackers can target these terminals through multiple channels, including malware introduced via infected USB drives and physical tampering with the terminals. Outdated software on these terminals further exacerbates the security risks by creating gaps that hackers can exploit.

To ensure secure payment transactions and protect sensitive information, businesses and individuals must take several essential steps. These include implementing encryption technology, using secure payment gateways, enabling two-factor authentication and regularly updating software. These measures can help safeguard financial information, ensuring secure payment transactions while also reducing the risk of cyberattacks and data breaches.

Common vulnerabilities exploited by cyber attackers

Cyber attackers employ various tactics to infiltrate PoS systems. Here are some of the most common vulnerabilities they exploit:

1. Malware: Malicious software, often disguised as legitimate applications, can be installed on PoS systems through phishing emails, infected websites or even removable storage devices. Once installed, malware can steal customer data or disrupt operations.
2. Weak Passwords: Simple or reused passwords make it easy for attackers to gain unauthorised access to PoS systems.
3. Outdated Software: Unpatched vulnerabilities in PoS software create openings for attackers to exploit.
4. Insecure Network Connections: Unsecured Wi-Fi networks or weak encryption protocols can leave data exposed during transmission.
5. Physical Security Gaps: Unaddressed physical security measures, such as unattended terminals or lack of employee training, can allow attackers to tamper with hardware or steal data directly.

Types of cyberattacks on PoS systems

• Skimming: Attackers install skimming devices on card readers to capture customer credit card information.
• RAM Scraping: Malware can scrape sensitive data like credit card details from a PoS system's temporary memory.
• Network Intrusion: Attackers may gain access to the PoS network to steal data or launch further attacks on the retailer's internal systems.

Consequences of PoS system breaches

A PoS system breach can have severe consequences for both retailers and customers. Here's what's at stake:

• Financial Loss: Retailers face financial penalties for data breaches, including fines and the cost of investigating and resolving the incident.
• Reputational Damage: A security breach can erode customer trust and damage a retailer's reputation
• Customer Identity Theft: Stolen customer data can be used for scheming purchases or sold on the dark web.

Tips for securing PoS systems

Fortunately, there are steps businesses can take to mitigate the risk of PoS system breaches. They are as follows:

1. Implement Strong Password Policies: Enforce complex, unique passwords for all PoS system users and enforce regular password changes.
2. Prioritise Software Updates: Regularly update PoS software and operating systems with the latest security patches.
3. Secure Your Network: Utilise firewalls, anti-virus software and data encryption to protect your network and data.
4. Invest in Secure Payment Processing: To safeguard sensitive data further, consider solutions like EMV (Europay, Mastercard and Visa) chip technology and tokenisation.
5. Employee Training: Train employees on cybersecurity best practices, including phishing email identification and secure password management.
6. Maintain Physical Security: Implement measures like access control and video surveillance to deter physical tampering with PoS terminals.

Take action to fortify your PoS security

PoS systems are essential for modern businesses, but security must be a top priority. By adopting a multi-layered security approach, retailers can significantly reduce the risk of PoS system breaches.

Taking these precautions not only protects your business from financial losses and reputational damage but also builds trust with your customers, who increasingly value data security. For comprehensive PoS security solutions and industry-leading payment processing, consider exploring Pine Labs' secure payment terminals.

Pine Labs provides advanced security features, such as tokenisation and encryption, to safeguard sensitive customer data. They also offer specific PoS security solutions to ensure secure transactions with automated threat intelligence and a high-performance cybersecurity approach. With Pine Labs, merchants can focus on their core business activities with confidence in secure transactions.

The digital payments market has witnessed phenomenal growth in recent years. However, this rapid shift towards cashless transactions has also brought cybersecurity concerns to the forefront, particularly regarding point of sale (PoS) terminals.

According to a report by the PCI Security Standards Council, nearly half (48%) of data breaches in India during 2022 targeted PoS terminals. This statistic highlights the imperative need for strong security measures to protect sensitive customer data and ensure the continued success of the digital payments ecosystem.

PoS terminals are vulnerable to various security breaches despite modern encryption and firewall technology associated with online transactions. Attackers can target these terminals through multiple channels, including malware introduced via infected USB drives and physical tampering with the terminals. Outdated software on these terminals further exacerbates the security risks by creating gaps that hackers can exploit.

To ensure secure payment transactions and protect sensitive information, businesses and individuals must take several essential steps. These include implementing encryption technology, using secure payment gateways, enabling two-factor authentication and regularly updating software. These measures can help safeguard financial information, ensuring secure payment transactions while also reducing the risk of cyberattacks and data breaches.

Common vulnerabilities exploited by cyber attackers

Cyber attackers employ various tactics to infiltrate PoS systems. Here are some of the most common vulnerabilities they exploit:

1. Malware: Malicious software, often disguised as legitimate applications, can be installed on PoS systems through phishing emails, infected websites or even removable storage devices. Once installed, malware can steal customer data or disrupt operations.
2. Weak Passwords: Simple or reused passwords make it easy for attackers to gain unauthorised access to PoS systems.
3. Outdated Software: Unpatched vulnerabilities in PoS software create openings for attackers to exploit.
4. Insecure Network Connections: Unsecured Wi-Fi networks or weak encryption protocols can leave data exposed during transmission.
5. Physical Security Gaps: Unaddressed physical security measures, such as unattended terminals or lack of employee training, can allow attackers to tamper with hardware or steal data directly.

Types of cyberattacks on PoS systems

• Skimming: Attackers install skimming devices on card readers to capture customer credit card information.
• RAM Scraping: Malware can scrape sensitive data like credit card details from a PoS system's temporary memory.
• Network Intrusion: Attackers may gain access to the PoS network to steal data or launch further attacks on the retailer's internal systems.

Consequences of PoS system breaches

A PoS system breach can have severe consequences for both retailers and customers. Here's what's at stake:

• Financial Loss: Retailers face financial penalties for data breaches, including fines and the cost of investigating and resolving the incident.
• Reputational Damage: A security breach can erode customer trust and damage a retailer's reputation
• Customer Identity Theft: Stolen customer data can be used for scheming purchases or sold on the dark web.

Tips for securing PoS systems

Fortunately, there are steps businesses can take to mitigate the risk of PoS system breaches. They are as follows:

1. Implement Strong Password Policies: Enforce complex, unique passwords for all PoS system users and enforce regular password changes.
2. Prioritise Software Updates: Regularly update PoS software and operating systems with the latest security patches.
3. Secure Your Network: Utilise firewalls, anti-virus software and data encryption to protect your network and data.
4. Invest in Secure Payment Processing: To safeguard sensitive data further, consider solutions like EMV (Europay, Mastercard and Visa) chip technology and tokenisation.
5. Employee Training: Train employees on cybersecurity best practices, including phishing email identification and secure password management.
6. Maintain Physical Security: Implement measures like access control and video surveillance to deter physical tampering with PoS terminals.

Take action to fortify your PoS security

PoS systems are essential for modern businesses, but security must be a top priority. By adopting a multi-layered security approach, retailers can significantly reduce the risk of PoS system breaches.

Taking these precautions not only protects your business from financial losses and reputational damage but also builds trust with your customers, who increasingly value data security. For comprehensive PoS security solutions and industry-leading payment processing, consider exploring Pine Labs' secure payment terminals.

Pine Labs provides advanced security features, such as tokenisation and encryption, to safeguard sensitive customer data. They also offer specific PoS security solutions to ensure secure transactions with automated threat intelligence and a high-performance cybersecurity approach. With Pine Labs, merchants can focus on their core business activities with confidence in secure transactions.

TOKYO (JAPAN) — A groundbreaking study conducted by researchers from Tokyo University of Science has shed light on the significant role of oxytocin (OXT) in enhancing memory function.

Published on November 16, 2023, in PLOS One, the study reveals how activation of neurons in the supramammillary nucleus (SuM) of the mouse brain boosts performance in object recognition tasks, suggesting a crucial link between specific oxytocin neurons and memory modulation in mice.

Unraveling Neural Pathways

Oxytocin, known for its effects on psychological well-being and emotional bonding in animals, has recently been implicated in various cognitive processes, including learning and memory.

Led by Professor Akiyoshi Saitoh and Junpei Takahashi, the researchers aimed to unravel the neural pathways and signalling mechanisms underlying oxytocin's impact on memory.

Prof. Saitoh explains that to investigate the role of endogenous oxytocin in cognitive function, they used pharmacogenetic techniques to activate oxytocin neurons in specific brain regions. The team then evaluated the cognitive function of mice using the Novel Object Recognition Task (NORT).

Insights from the NORT

The study highlights the crucial role of oxytocin in regulating social memory, with a deficiency in oxytocin or its receptors linked to abnormal social memory in mice. However, this research shifts the focus to the role of endogenous oxytocinergic projections in learning and memory, particularly within the SuM.

To pinpoint the neurons responsible for oxytocin's effect on memory, the researchers visualized slices of the mouse brain after specifically activating oxytocin neurons in the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus (PVN). Positive signals were observed in the PVN and its projections to the SuM, indicating oxytocin's involvement in memory enhancement.

Advancing Research in Memory Modulation

Further experiments using the Y-maze and NORT revealed that activation of oxytocinergic neurons significantly boosted long-term object recognition memory, with increased neuron activation observed in the SuM and the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, crucial regions for memory processing.

Oxytocin's Role in Memory Enhancement and Dementia Prevention

This study, Prof. Saitoh says, uncovers the involvement of oxytocin in object recognition memory through the SuM, with potential implications for understanding Alzheimer's disease. "Our research seeks to elucidate the crucial role of a stimulating environment that activates oxytocin in the brain, potentially mitigating the progression of dementia,” explains Prof. Saitoh.

The ongoing exploration of oxytocin's role in memory modulation holds promise for innovative treatments and pharmaceutical interventions aimed at halting the advancement of dementia.

The study signifies a significant step forward in understanding the intricate relationship between oxytocin and memory function, paving the way for future research in neurological disorders and potential therapeutic interventions.

In today's fast-paced digital world, artificial intelligence (AI) and knowledge management have become game-changers for growing businesses and progressive organizations. Knowledge is power, and when leveraged effectively with AI, it can transform businesses by improving efficiency, enhancing decision-making, and redefining customer experiences.

In this article, we'll delve into the realm of AI in knowledge management, its benefits, its intricate workings, and the best practices for implementation. Keep reading to learn more about knowledge management.

Understanding the Concept of AI Knowledge Management

The field of AI knowledge management merges the capabilities of AI with the principles of knowledge management. The primary aim is to capitalize on organizational expertise and data to facilitate informed decision-making and optimize business operations. Traditional knowledge management systems often encounter issues of voluminous data, ineffective search mechanisms, and obsolete information.

Enter AI. With its unique capabilities like machine learning, natural language processing, and predictive analytics, AI breathes life into knowledge management systems, making them more intelligent, automated, and efficient. AI helps in the curation, organization, and distribution of knowledge, making the right information accessible at the right time and to the right people.

This radical transformation through AI technologies amplifies knowledge management's potential, creating an intelligent ecosystem of data analysis and interpretation. But what are the specific benefits that AI brings to knowledge management? Let's find out in the next section.

Key Benefits of Integrating AI in Knowledge Management

The perks of integrating AI into knowledge management are manifold. For starters, AI can process large data volumes and complex variables quickly and accurately, which saves immense time and also reduces human error. These automatic data sorting and categorization capabilities enable businesses to keep up with the ever-expanding reservoir of data that needs constant updating and cleaning.

Unlike traditional knowledge management systems, AI can learn and adapt over time, offering more accurate solutions and recommendations. This adaptability facilitates seamless navigation through knowledge databases, enhancing productivity and increasing efficiency. AI's predictive analytics capability can forecast trends, helping businesses stay ahead of the curve.

AI also enhances information retrieval, making search processes a breeze. From simple keyword-based searches to complex contextual queries, AI can conduct refined searches across vast knowledge databases, ensuring relevant information is never missed.

The last but one of the most significant benefits of AI in knowledge management is personalized customer experiences. Leveraging customer data and insights, AI delivers tailored experiences that enhance customer satisfaction and loyalty, contributing to business growth and success.

Essential Best Practices for Implementing AI in Knowledge Management

Integrating AI with knowledge management involves strategic planning and execution. Firstly, businesses need to clearly define their objectives with AI integration. Whether it's to improve efficiency, enhance decision-making, or elevate customer experiences—a clear goal will help in designing the AI integration strategy.

Next, involves gathering and organizing data relevant to that goal. Accurate, high-quality data is imperative for successful AI integration. It's also necessary to ensure data privacy and security aspects are duly covered—as mishandling of data might lead to compliance issues and loss of customer trust.

Businesses should adopt a phased approach instead of an abrupt, extensive overhaul. Starting with smaller projects, learning from their outcomes, and scaling up gradually can lead to better results. Training staff about the new systems and addressing their apprehensions is equally crucial for a seamless transition.

Lastly, maintaining a continuous feedback loop can help in fine-tuning the AI systems, iteratively improving its output. Success in implementing AI in knowledge management is a journey rather than a destination—involving continuous learning and improvement.

Overall, the integration of AI in knowledge management has opened new avenues for businesses to maximize their potential. As technology continues to evolve, the advantages of AI knowledge management will only amplify, making it a prerequisite for success in the digitally-driven world.

NEW DELHI — Samsung continues its global Android 14 rollout for the Galaxy S21 FE, marking a significant milestone today with the release of the highly anticipated One UI 6.0 update for the Exynos variant in India. This update, bearing the firmware version G990EXXU7FWK6 / G990EODM7FWK5 / G990EXXU7FWK5, is now available for download, boasting a file size of approximately 2.23 GB.

The tech giant initially introduced the Android 14 update for the Galaxy S21 FE in the US and Europe, later extending its reach to the Snapdragon model in India. However, today's release addresses the Exynos 2100 version of the phone, expanding the accessibility of the latest software to a broader user base.

Alongside the Android 14 upgrade, this iteration brings forth the most recent security patch from December 2023, fortifying the device against potential vulnerabilities and ensuring enhanced system integrity.

Enabling users to access the update, Samsung has made it conveniently accessible through the Settings app. By navigating to the Software Update section and selecting Download and Install, Galaxy S21 FE owners can now experience the latest One UI 6.0 features and improvements.

The Galaxy S21 FE, introduced in 2022, debuted with Android 12 and has been set to receive subsequent major updates. Samsung plans to further enrich the device's user experience by rolling out Android 15 and Android 16 updates, slated for late 2024 and late 2025, respectively.

Delving into the specifics of the One UI 6.0 update, users can anticipate a revamped Quick Panel layout, a fresh font, and updated styling for emojis. Notable additions include two new widgets—Custom Camera and Weather Insight—augmenting customization options for users. Notifications undergo design enhancements, while the lock screen clock widget offers increased font and placement flexibility.

Samsung has dedicated efforts to enhance its native applications, particularly the camera app, which now features a simplified user interface. Noteworthy improvements are visible in the image and video editors, with more prominent editing controls and the video editor's transformation into Video Studio. This upgraded tool enables users to save drafts and resume editing sessions seamlessly. Furthermore, a dedicated battery section within the Settings app adds to the array of enhancements introduced in One UI 6.0.

The launch of Android 14-based One UI 6.0 for the Exynos variant in India marks a significant stride in Samsung's commitment to delivering updates and enriching user experiences across its device lineup.

The cryptocurrency space is evolving rapidly, with the fusion of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and blockchain technology giving rise to a wave of innovative projects. These cryptocurrencies are harnessing the power of AI to enhance functionality, security, and overall efficiency. Let's delve into the exciting world of AI-powered cryptocurrencies and explore some of the leading projects that are shaping the future of digital finance.

1. SingularityNET (AGI): SingularityNET aims to create a decentralized marketplace for AI services, fostering collaboration and innovation through blockchain. The AGI token is instrumental in powering transactions within the SingularityNET ecosystem, solidifying its position in the AI crypto landscape.

2. Fetch.ai (FET): Fetch.ai is dedicated to building a decentralized digital world where autonomous economic agents can execute tasks independently. By integrating AI, machines can communicate, trade, and collaborate seamlessly. FET, the utility token, facilitates transactions within the Fetch.ai network.

3. Numerai (NMR): Numerai employs AI and machine learning alongside crowdsourced data to optimize trading strategies. A unique concept allows data scientists to build predictive models contributing to the hedge fund's decision-making process. NMR, the native token, aligns incentives among contributors.

4. Cortex (CTXC): Cortex is a decentralized AI platform enabling developers to create and deploy AI-powered decentralized applications (DApps). CTXC, the native token, is utilized for transactions and staking within the Cortex network.

5. DeepBrain Chain (DBC): DeepBrain Chain addresses the high computational costs of AI training by providing a decentralized AI computing platform. DBC serves as the fuel for transactions, making AI more accessible and cost-effective for developers on the DeepBrain Chain platform.

6. Ocean Protocol (OCEAN): Ocean Protocol aims to unlock data for AI by establishing a decentralized data exchange. Data providers can monetize their data, while AI developers gain access to diverse datasets. OCEAN, the utility token, facilitates data exchange within the Ocean Protocol ecosystem.

7. Neural Protocol (NRP): Neural Protocol is an AI-driven decentralized finance (DeFi) platform optimizing financial markets' efficiency. NRP, the governance and utility token, plays a crucial role in the Neural Protocol ecosystem.

8. Robotina (ROX): Robotina utilizes AI and IoT to optimize energy consumption. Users contribute energy data, analyzed by AI algorithms to enhance efficiency. ROX, the native token, facilitates transactions and rewards within the Robotina ecosystem.

9. Synthetic Minds (SNM): Synthetic Minds enhances smart contract security using advanced program synthesis and AI. SNM, the utility token, is employed for transactions and security-related incentives.

10. Datum (DAT): Datum empowers individuals to control their data through blockchain and AI. Users can share and monetize their data while maintaining ownership and privacy. DAT, the native token, facilitates transactions within the Datum network.

In summary, the fusion of AI and cryptocurrencies is paving the way for the future of finance and technology. These AI-powered cryptocurrencies are leading the charge, addressing challenges and reshaping the landscape. For deeper insights into the intersection of AI and cryptocurrencies, visit Cryptonica News.

NEW DELHI — India's moon mission Chandrayaan-3 has made a successful soft landing near the moon's South Pole, bringing cheer to a billion hearts and propelling India to the elite space club.

India has become the first nation to land near the South Pole, which is a hot new destination since traces of water were found on the moon.

The touchdown took place at 6:04 pm amid huge cheers in the war room of space agency ISRO.

Meanwhile, ISRO on X, formerly known as Twitter, wrote, “Chandrayaan-3 has successfully soft-landed on the moon. Congratulations, India.”

Prime Minister Narendra Modi said that this is a historic day for India’s space sector. “Congratulations to ISRO for the remarkable success of the Chandrayaan-3 lunar mission.”

PM Modi, who is in South Africa for the BRICS summit, virtually witnessed the landing attempt of India's moon mission - Chandrayaan-3.

"This moment is precious and unprecedented. This moment is the Jaighosh of new India. This moment is the strength of 1.4 billion heartbeats. The success of Amrit Varsha in this phase of Amrit Kaal," said the PM, in an online address to the nation from South Africa.

In New York, the legitimacy and integrity of notarized papers depend heavily on the security and dependability of digital notary services. The process of electronic notarization is kept as secure as possible with the help of cutting-edge technical measures.

To ensure the authenticity of signatures, digital notaries use stringent identity verification techniques, often including several levels of authentication. In order to keep private information secure and prevent illegal access, they employ encrypted, high-tech web platforms like https://onenotary.us/online-notary-new-york. These systems generate an audit trail, which logs the timestamps and activities of each notarization procedure, making for an incorruptible record that can't be altered.

Each digital notary uses his or her own signature and seal to authenticate papers online. Live video conferencing and other forms of remote presence technologies allow the notary and signer to communicate in real-time, minimizing the possibility of forgery.

Maintaining safety relies heavily on regulatory scrutiny and compliance. Digital notary platforms are reviewed and approved by state authorities to ensure they adhere to all applicable laws and technological requirements. When it comes to electronic notarization, notaries have to go through extensive training and certification.

Preventing New York electronic notarization fraud

New York has many protections in place to maintain the legitimacy and integrity of electronic notarization and prevent fraud:

• In order to ensure the signer's identity, New York's electronic notaries use stringent identification verification measures. Methods such as these may include ID checks, biometric authentication, and knowledge-based authentication questions.
• To ensure that only approved users may access and utilize the notarization platform, multi-factor authentication is often used.
• Each electronic notary in New York is required to utilize a secure digital signature and seal that is compatible with the state's eNotary rules. These digital seals guarantee originality and prevent forgeries.
• To prevent unwanted access and data breaches, electronic notarization systems utilize stringent security measures including encryption, firewalls, and frequent security audits.
• Every step of the notarization process is recorded in detail by electronic notaries' digital audit trails. The record is complete with timestamps, activities taken, and names of everyone involved.
• Notarial actions performed by electronic notaries must be recorded in electronic journals. The potential for fraudulent or illegal notarizations is greatly diminished by the constant monitoring and auditing of these entries.
• Electronic notaries and the platforms they operate on are regulated by the New York State Department of State. In order to keep their credentials, notaries must act in accordance with state legislation.
• Electronic notaries get formal education in the tools, laws, and best practices of electronic notarization. Errors and theft may be avoided with the use of this education.
• Anti-fraud measures in notarial systems may include document watermarking, tamper-evident technology, and secure document storage.
• Individuals are better able to make educated judgments and are less likely to fall prey to fraudulent schemes when they are made aware of the advantages and security measures of electronic notarization.

All of these protections work together to make New York's electronic notarization system reliable and trustworthy, reducing the potential for fraud and guaranteeing the legal standing of notarized documents.

It appears that India's tech promise to rival China isn't going according to plan, and it has been labelled by some as a complete shambles. One of the main roots of the issue of why everything has fallen apart lies in India's startup ecosystem, where many faults are to blame.

Take a closer look right here at where and when it all started going wrong for India.

Why is India's tech promise to rival China collapsing?

India's promise to create web-based companies to rival some of China's biggest companies, like Tencent and Alibaba, has not gone according to the plan. To begin with, the initiative attracted several major global investments from Tiger Global and SoftBank, and money was flooding in.

According to reports released by Venture Tracker (an Indian data tracker), $4 billion was put into the program, comprising around 300 separate contracts, but it has all had very little effect.

The entire startup ecosystem in India is now facing difficult questions on things like expensive acquisitions, financial accountability and discipline, rash valuations, and whether investors overvalued India's total addressable market (aka TAM).

People losing their jobs has sky-rocketed in the past few months, and public listings have been delayed. Operations have been scaled back, and hardly any new startup backing funds are available to take the tech promise to the next level.

The Enforcement Directorate (the crime-fighting task force in India) even raided one of the BYJU's in Bengaluru buildings after they were suspected of breaking the rules set out by the Foreign Exchange Management Act. In the raid, incriminating documents are said to have been seized.

Are other tech industries, like the online casino industry, affected?

Today's best iGaming companies that operate in India are not licensed by the Indian government, and they are controlled by foreign companies who operate from outside of Indian borders, so they have not been affected, and business continues to grow for these companies.

If you want to see some of the latest tech developments from the iGaming industry and enjoy the best online casinos India has to offer in 2023, go to the official AskGamblers.com website for a complete list of sites that welcome people based in India.

They are controlled by some of the most trusted names from the iGaming industry, and they are packed with over 1,000 games from several of the industry's most innovative providers.

What have been some of India's biggest technological achievements?

Since India won its independence in 1947, the nation has made several major technological contributions. In 1950, India's Planning Commission established a clear five-year plan to develop key areas within the country, such as infrastructure, education, science, and agriculture.

Heavy investment was also put into scientific and industrial research. They also had the Green Revolution, which mainly focused on agricultural research.

Other milestones in India's achievements include contributions to DNA fingerprinting, the Chandrayaan-I mission to the moon, creating a Polio-free India, and developing Aryabhatta – India's first satellite that was put into space in 1975.

They also developed their first strategic missile – ASNI, in 1989. The country also embarked on its first-ever interplanetary mission in 2023 with the launch of MOM (Mars Orbiter Mission, which is also known as Mangalyaan).

Will India bounce back from the recent setbacks and continue pushing forward with startups?

Based on India's rich history of not wanting to fall behind in terms of its scientific and technological capabilities, the nation will no doubt continue to innovate in whichever way it can.

Despite the recent setbacks and the initial vision not going according to the plan, we will likely see more startups continue to pop up over the coming decade. The country remains one of the largest in the world for startup ecosystems.

At the time of writing, the 10 major sectors that have the best startup ecosystems are the following:

• Green technology
• Agriculture
• IT services
• Technology hardware
• Food & beverages
• Finance technology
• Professional and commercial services
• Education
• Healthcare & life sciences

India's unyielding pursuit for global recognition: A technological revolution in the making

India will always strive to seek global recognition. They are constantly looking for new ways to innovate and will steadily push forward and continue to develop all these major sectors.

They have a thriving younger population who are skilled in many areas and keen to take the country forward on the global stage. We must closely monitor the situation to see how India's technological revolution will progress over the coming decade.

They may have fallen behind on their promise to rival China, but they will surely bounce back and demonstrate to the world how serious they are about competing with other major global powerhouses, just like they always have done.

Designing, creating, and manufacturing mechanical systems and devices are all part of the area of mechanical engineering. 2D Drafting is one of the most often utilized techniques for producing these drawings. Making two-dimensional representations of items is known as '2D Drafting'. It is frequently done using CAD software.

The predominant approach for producing technical drawings in mechanical engineering, despite the advent of more sophisticated 3D modeling techniques, is still 2D Drafting. This article compares 3D modeling to 2D Drafting to better understand why 2D Drafting is preferred in mechanical engineering.

What is 2D Drafting?

Using computer-aided design (CAD) software, 2D Drafting is a technique for producing technical drawings that represent two-dimensional views of objects. These technical drawings communicate design parameters to manufacturers or other stakeholders and give precise information about the design's size, shape, and dimensions. Engineers use a set of defined symbols, lines, and dimensions to generate drawings in 2D Drafting, which enables the exact and accurate representation of the thing.

Advantages of 2D Drafting in Mechanical Engineering

Greater Precision and Accuracy

Engineers may produce incredibly exact and accurate technical drawings using 2D Drafting services. It is because 2D drawings are less complex and are simpler and easier to measure and quantify than 3D models, which can be more complex and challenging to measure precisely.

Simplicity of Representation

As objects are represented more simply in 2D Drafting, technical drawings may be produced more rapidly and effectively. It is especially crucial when preparing designs for manufacturing, as manufacturers can create components more easily, the simpler the representation.

Ease of Modification

Engineers may quickly adjust technical designs using 2D sketching rather than starting from scratch. It is crucial in an iterative design process where modifications to a design are required based on testing or stakeholder feedback.

Efficient Use of Computer Resources

Compared to 3D modeling, 2D Drawing uses less memory and processing resources. Engineers may produce technical drawings on less powerful computers and work more effectively with larger designs.

Familiarity among Industry Professionals

Since 2D Drafting has been used extensively in mechanical engineering for many years, it is a well-known and well-accepted technique for producing technical drawings. It makes working with co-workers, vendors, and producers accustomed to 2D sketching methods simpler for engineers.

Comparison of 2D Drafting and 3D Modelling

Applications

While 3D modeling is utilized to create virtual representations of entire systems or assemblies, 2D Drafting is typically used for making technical drawings for mechanical engineering services. While 3D modeling is better suited for developing visualizations and simulations of complex systems, 2D Drafting is more suited for producing optimized manufacturing drawings.

Pros and Cons

When developing technical drawings for manufacturing, 2D Drafting is typically quicker, simpler, and more precise than 3D modeling. Yet, because it enables engineers to visualize and simulate the system's behavior before it is created, 3D modeling is more suited for building complicated systems and assemblies. While 3D modeling offers a more accurate and in-depth perspective of the product being developed, it can also be more intuitive for some engineers.

Use in Mechanical Engineering

For developing individual components that call for accurate measurements and production requirements, 2D drawing is ideal. For creating intricate systems or assemblies that call for simulation and visualization of the system's behavior, 3D modelling is preferred. Also, precise prototypes and virtual design testing are produced using 3D modeling.

Conclusion

In conclusion, because of its ease of use, speed, and precision, 2D Drafting is still the method of choice in mechanical engineering for producing technical drawings. While 3D modeling has gained popularity recently, 2D Drafting still has benefits in terms of accuracy, simplicity of representation, the effectiveness of change, the effectiveness of the use of computer resources, and familiarity among professionals in the field.

In today's world, mobile apps have become an integral part of our lives. We use them to manage our finances, shop online, communicate with others, and even access sensitive information such as medical records. With this increased use of mobile apps, there has been a corresponding increase in security threats targeting these apps. Mobile app security is a critical concern, and developers must take proactive measures to ensure their apps are secure. Two key tools in this effort are AppSealing and SAST.

SAST, or Static Application Security Testing, is a security testing method that analyzes the application's source code to identify potential security vulnerabilities. It scans the code for potential security issues, such as hardcoded credentials or weak encryption algorithms. SAST can help identify potential security risks early in the development process, enabling developers to address them before the app is released to the public.

On the other hand, AppSealing is a comprehensive mobile app security platform that provides active security measures to protect mobile apps against attacks. AppSealing offers a range of features, including encryption, anti-tampering, anti-debugging, and anti-reversing, among others. AppSealing's encryption capabilities protect sensitive data, such as user credentials, credit card information, and other personal data, against unauthorized access.

One of the significant advantages of using both SAST and AppSealing is that they complement each other. SAST identifies potential security vulnerabilities in the app's source code, while AppSealing provides active security measures to protect the app against those vulnerabilities. By combining the two, developers can significantly enhance the security of their mobile apps.

In addition, using both SAST and AppSealing can help ensure compliance with regulatory requirements. For example, regulations such as the General Data Protection Regulation and the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard require specific security measures to be in place to protect user data. By using SAST and AppSealing, developers can ensure that their apps meet these regulatory requirements.

Furthermore, using SAST and AppSealing can also help enhance user trust. Mobile app users are becoming increasingly aware of security risks and are hesitant to use apps they do not trust. Using SAST and AppSealing, developers can demonstrate their commitment to security and assure users that their personal information is protected.

One of the main benefits of using SAST is that it helps to identify potential security vulnerabilities before the app is released. Using SAST, developers can fix these issues before the app is deployed, reducing the risk of a security breach. SAST also helps to ensure that the app is developed using secure coding practices, reducing the likelihood of future security issues.

AppSealing's active security measures are essential because they provide ongoing protection for the app. Even if an app is secure at the time of release, new vulnerabilities can be discovered. AppSealing's anti-tampering, anti-debugging, and anti-reversing measures ensure the app remains secure, even if an attacker attempts to manipulate it. AppSealing's encryption capabilities also protect user data from unauthorized access, even if an attacker gains access to the app's data.

In conclusion, mobile app security is a critical concern, and developers must take proactive measures to ensure their apps are secure. Using both SAST and AppSealing can significantly enhance the security of mobile apps, ensuring that sensitive user data is protected against unauthorized access. By doing so, developers can ensure compliance with regulatory requirements, enhance user trust, and protect their brand reputation.

NEW DELHI: Twitter’s new owner Elon Musk has started paid verification service for verified 'Blue Tick' users of the micro-blogging platform, which will cost around Rs 719 per month in India, said reports. Several Twitter users in India reported having received messages urging them to sign up for Twitter Blue. However, only iPhones presently support the upgrade. In the upcoming days, everyone is anticipated to have access to the service.

Users who sign up for Twitter Blue will receive a "blue tick" without having to be verified. Elon Musk, the new owner of the microblogging site, has also stated that priority will be given to subscribers in terms of reach and display. Twitter's strategy to introduce a monthly charge for the verified badge has polarised users globally.

Since completing the Twitter deal, the wealthiest man on the planet has made a flurry of decisions impacting the working of the social media giant that has millions of daily active users. Talking about these decisions on Wednesday, Musk announced in a tweet that the social media giant will do a lot of dumb things in the coming months on a trial-and-error basis.

"Please note that Twitter will do lots of dumb things in the coming months. We will keep what works and change what doesnt," he tweeted. Among the biggest change that Twitter is seeing is the inclusion of the new USD 7.99 per month Blue subscription. However, Musks decision to implement the blue tick fee did not go well with many.

Even some advertiser pulled back their leg from the site. Further, a second verification label has been rolled out to limit confusion between legitimate accounts and those that pay for their blue ticks.

Verified accounts will now come with an "Official" label beneath their username, complete with a grey verification checkmark in India, ahead of the roll-out of blue tick subscriptions, the "official" label was noticed on the Twitter handles of various Indian government organizations.

However, the newly launched feature was stopped soon after it was launched and appeared on various user profiles. In response to a tweet from tech YouTuber Marques Brownlee about the Official badge, Musk said, "I just killed it."

Apart from the "blue tick fee", Musk has also been receiving a lot of hate on Twitter for laying off employees. Defending his decision to fire employees, Musk said in a tweet that it was needed as Twitter was losing more than "USD 4 million per day". Also, celebrities including Whoopi Goldberg and Gigi Hadid quit Twitter in the days following its acquisition.

Meanwhile, Musks net worth has dropped below USD 200 billion as investors dumped Teslas shares on fears that the top executive and largest shareholder of the world`s most valuable electric-vehicle maker is more preoccupied with Twitter, reported Reuters on Wednesday.

NEW DELHI: Twitter’s new owner Elon Musk has started paid verification service for verified 'Blue Tick' users of the micro-blogging platform, which will cost around Rs 719 per month in India, said reports. Several Twitter users in India reported having received messages urging them to sign up for Twitter Blue. However, only iPhones presently support the upgrade. In the upcoming days, everyone is anticipated to have access to the service.

Users who sign up for Twitter Blue will receive a "blue tick" without having to be verified. Elon Musk, the new owner of the microblogging site, has also stated that priority will be given to subscribers in terms of reach and display. Twitter's strategy to introduce a monthly charge for the verified badge has polarised users globally.

Since completing the Twitter deal, the wealthiest man on the planet has made a flurry of decisions impacting the working of the social media giant that has millions of daily active users. Talking about these decisions on Wednesday, Musk announced in a tweet that the social media giant will do a lot of dumb things in the coming months on a trial-and-error basis.

"Please note that Twitter will do lots of dumb things in the coming months. We will keep what works and change what doesnt," he tweeted. Among the biggest change that Twitter is seeing is the inclusion of the new USD 7.99 per month Blue subscription. However, Musks decision to implement the blue tick fee did not go well with many.

Even some advertiser pulled back their leg from the site. Further, a second verification label has been rolled out to limit confusion between legitimate accounts and those that pay for their blue ticks.

Verified accounts will now come with an "Official" label beneath their username, complete with a grey verification checkmark in India, ahead of the roll-out of blue tick subscriptions, the "official" label was noticed on the Twitter handles of various Indian government organizations.

However, the newly launched feature was stopped soon after it was launched and appeared on various user profiles. In response to a tweet from tech YouTuber Marques Brownlee about the Official badge, Musk said, "I just killed it."

Apart from the "blue tick fee", Musk has also been receiving a lot of hate on Twitter for laying off employees. Defending his decision to fire employees, Musk said in a tweet that it was needed as Twitter was losing more than "USD 4 million per day". Also, celebrities including Whoopi Goldberg and Gigi Hadid quit Twitter in the days following its acquisition.

Meanwhile, Musks net worth has dropped below USD 200 billion as investors dumped Teslas shares on fears that the top executive and largest shareholder of the world`s most valuable electric-vehicle maker is more preoccupied with Twitter, reported Reuters on Wednesday.

NEW DELHI — In a blog post on YouTube Creators, the video platform answered the 10 most asked YouTuber questions to let the video creators sort their problems on the video sharing site.

YouTube said it has come up with the answers to the questions that creators have. It added that the most frequently asked questions have been combined along with the most useful how-to guides and Help Centre articles, so that video creators may quickly obtain all the information they want.

Most Asked YouTuber Questions

We have provided all the 10 most asked YouTuber questions and the response by YouTube in this article below for the access of YouTube video creators.

1. How to get started creating videos on YouTube?

There are a few ways to get started on YouTube. It offers up different formats and functionalities, giving you the flexibility to create everything from Shorts, which are vertical videos that run 60 seconds or less, to longer-form videos.

No matter what you're creating, you'll need to start by creating a YouTube Channel.

• First, you need to sign in to YouTube using a Google Account.
• Once you're signed in, click 'Create Account', and choose whether it's for you or for your business.
• You can then create a YouTube channel on your account, upload videos, leave comments and create Shorts and playlists.

Next, you'll want to upload your videos!

• Uploading is easy. You just sign in to your YouTube account and then click on the 'Create' icon.
• If you're planning to upload a longer form video, select 'upload video' and then choose your desired video file – you can upload 15 files at a time!
• If you'd like to upload a YouTube Short, you'll need to be signed in to YouTube mobile, where you'll tap 'Create' and then 'Create a Short'. From here, you can either upload a video from your camera roll or create one using its suite of lightweight tools.

2. How to grow a YouTube channel?

Growing a channel is all about creating videos viewers want to watch and accurately presenting them to the audience. When doing so, here's a few tips to keep in mind.

With each video, think carefully about the title, description and thumbnail you plan to use – these should all accurately reflect your content and let viewers know what they can expect from the video. If you're a Shorts creator, think about how the first 1–2 seconds of your content can grab viewers scrolling through the video feed!

Once you've got viewers watching, you can redirect their attention via hashtags, playlists, cards, end screens and more.

3. How to make edits to a channel?

Another question among most asked YouTuber questions is about editing a channel. YouTube Studio is the home base for posting videos and making edits to a channel. To update a channel's basic info like name, profile picture and banner, just log in and tap 'Customisation' to see your options.

You can also make changes to your channel using the Studio Mobile app. You can tap 'Your Channel' and then 'Edit Channel' to update and edit how your channel looks to your viewers. Note that you can only change your channel's name three times every 90 days. Read more about managing your channel.

4. How to promote YouTube videos?

Promoting your videos is all about getting the word out there. On YouTube, you can use tools like cards, end screens, Stories and Community posts to drive viewers to a specific piece of content!

Off-platform, think about promoting your videos on your socials and relevant communities, podcasts or platforms that align with your content and your intended audience. Read more about promoting your videos.

5. How do Trending videos happen?

Among most asked YouTuber questions, Trending section of the video platform is prominent. Trending is all about helping viewers see what's happening on YouTube, and in the world. Trending tries to surface videos that a wide range of viewers would find interesting.

Trending isn't personalised, and it displays the same list of trending videos in each country to all users, which is why you may see videos in Trending that aren't in the same language as your browser.

At any given time, at least 50% of the videos on Trending in major markets are from YouTube Creators, with the remainder coming from music and traditional media. See what's Trending now!

6. How does the YouTube algorithm work?

YouTube's search and discovery systems are built to find videos that match viewers' individual interests. It recommends videos based on things such as: what your audience watches and doesn't watch, how much time they spend watching, what they like and dislike, if they mark a video as 'not interested' and on satisfaction surveys.

So, rather than trying to find a secret code to these systems, focus instead on making videos that you think will resonate with your audience. A great tool here is YouTube Analytics, which provides data that can help you understand how your existing content is performing and provide insights for future videos!

7. How to make money on YouTube?

Most asked YouTuber questions also include queries about monetization. There are a few ways for creators to make money on YouTube, but most start with becoming a member of the YouTube Partner Program (YPP), which is subject to eligibility requirements.

Once accepted, you'll begin to gain access to a variety of monetisation products, including a share of the Ad and YouTube Premium Revenue generated by your videos; Channel memberships; merch shelf; Super Chat and Super Stickers; and BrandConnect. Each feature has its own performance and eligibility requirements.

The platform's newest offering through the YouTube Shorts Fund is not limited to creators in the YouTube Partner Programme. Anyone is eligible to participate by creating unique Shorts that delight the YouTube Community. Each month, it'll get in touch with thousands of creators with the most popular Shorts to reward them for their contributions. Read more about how YouTube video monetization works.

8. How to fix a YouTube copyright strike?

A copyright strike means that a copyright owner submitted a verified, legal takedown request on a video that uses their content.

To comply with copyright law, YouTube takes the video down. A copyright strike is a warning. The first copyright strike is a warning. If you get one, you'll need to go through Copyright School, which helps you understand copyright and how it's enforced on YouTube. Here are the three ways to resolve a copyright strike.

9. How to fix a demonetised channel?

There are a few reasons your YouTube channel can have monetisation disabled. Any of these actions can result in the suspension of payments:

• Attempting to monetise videos you don't own. Make sure that you have the right to upload the content: Check the copyright FAQ, and make sure that you know how fair use works.
• Attempting monetisation of videos that don't meet our advertiser-friendly content guidelines. YouTube may reserve the right to disable ads on your entire channel in situations where the majority of your content is not suitable for any advertisers, or where there are repeated, serious violations (e.g. uploading of content which is incendiary, demeaning or hateful).
• Violations of YouTube monetisation policies, YouTube spam policies, AdSense programme policies or YouTube Terms of Service.

Depending on the issue with your video or channel, there are steps you can take to reinstate monetisation.

Remember: Severe violations of our YouTube monetisation policies may result in monetisation being permanently disabled on any of your accounts.

Your channel's monetisation can also be paused. This happens when there isn't an active and approved AdSense account linked to your channel. If you're in the YouTube Partner Programme and your monetisation was paused, don't worry – you're still in the programme. Monetisation will resume after linking an active and approved AdSense account. See detailed policies and guidelines.

10. How to fix a hacked account?

Fixing a hacked account is also among the most asked YouTuber questions. If you notice that your YouTube account or channel has been hacked or compromised, you'll first want to check whether or not you can sign in to your account.

If you can't sign in to your account, you'll need to recover your Google Account by answering some security questions to verify it's yours. Then, you'll be prompted to reset your password.

To keep your account protected, YouTube also recommends turning on 2-step verification, which can be done in your security settings. Read more on hacked accounts.

After going through this article, we hope that all your basic questions among 'most asked YouTuber questions' have been answered.

NEW DELHI — Samsung has unveiled two new Galaxy M-series phones in India, the Galaxy M13 4G and the Galaxy M13 5G, as it had previously promised.

The new Galaxy M13 4G differs from the original Galaxy M13 4G in that it has a bigger 6,000 mAh battery and a revamped rear camera. The remaining specifications, including a 6.6-inch FHD+ LCD, Exynos 850 CPU, 50MP main camera, 5MP ultrawide camera, and 2MP depth helper, are carried over from the worldwide Galaxy M13 4G.

The 6.5-inch LCD screen on the Galaxy M13 5G features a 90Hz refresh rate and a waterdrop notch for the device's 8MP front camera. A 50MP primary camera and a 2MP depth module are featured on the rear. The phone has a MediaTek Dimensity 700 CPU and may be ordered with 4 or 6 GB of RAM and up to 128 GB of additional storage via a microSD card. The star of the battery sector is a 5,000mAh cell with a 15W charging capacity. Both new phones boot Android 12 with Samsung’s One UI Core 4 on top.

The new Galaxy M13 models will come in Aqua Green, Midnight Blue, and Stardust Brown colours. The 4/64GB trim of the Galaxy M13 4G starts at INR 11,999, while the 4/64GB trim of the M13 5G costs INR 13,999.

Holders of ICICI Bank Cards receive a flat discount of INR 1,000. On July 23, sales open on Samsung.com, Amazon India, and traditional stores will begin in India.

NEW DELHI — Twitter has been finally acquired by Elon Musk. The social media confirmed the news by sharing that an entity owned by Elon Musk offered $54.20 per share in cash to acquire Twitter.

Musk has bought Twitter for around $44 billion. With this, Twitter will now be a a privately held company.

“The Twitter Board conducted a thoughtful and comprehensive process to assess Elon’s proposal with a deliberate focus on value, certainty, and financing. The proposed transaction will deliver a substantial cash premium, and we believe it is the best path forward for Twitter’s stockholders," said Bret Taylor, Twitter’s Independent Board Chair.

Talking the price per share, the stockholders will get $54.20 in cash for each of the share which is a 38% premium to Twitter’s closing stock price on April 1, 2022.

“Twitter has a purpose and relevance that impacts the entire world. Deeply proud of our teams and inspired by the work that has never been more important. Free speech is the bedrock of a functioning democracy, and Twitter is the digital town square where matters vital to the future of humanity are debated," said Mr. Musk.

“I also want to make Twitter better than ever by enhancing the product with new features, making the algorithms open source to increase trust, defeating the spam bots, and authenticating all humans. Twitter has tremendous potential – I look forward to working with the company and the community of users to unlock it," said Parag Agrawal, CEO, Twitter.

Musk has secured $25.5 billion of fully committed debt and margin loan financing and is providing an approximately $21.0 billion equity commitment.

Meanwhile, Twitter plans to release its first quarter fiscal year 2022 results before the market open on April 28, 2022.

WASHINGTON — The upcoming iPhone 14 Pro and 14 Pro Max might be the only models in the line-up this year that will get to carry the new A16 chip.

According to The Verge, the news was revealed by a reliable Apple analyst, whose tweet indicated that the standard iPhone 14 and 14 Max will be left with the A15 chipset that comes in all models of the iPhone 13.

Further, the source also claimed that every iPhone 14 model will come with 6GB of RAM, with both higher-end devices featuring the upgraded LPDDR5 memory, while the less expensive versions retain the LPDDR 4X present in the iPhone 13.

In the past, Apple has given its more expensive models a processor with more cores or memory but hasn’t used two entirely different processors to draw a line between standard and premium since the release of the iPhone 5S and 5C in 2013.